Walnuts 核桃 – harvesting and preparing

An open-air, walnut oil based family feast in YunNan province ...

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Chinese cuisine is an intricate tapestry of flavors, techniques, and regional specialties that has evolved over thousands of years. From the fiery spices of Sichuan to the delicate dim sum of Cantonese cuisine, every region of China offers its own culinary delights. For visitors to China, exploring the diverse and dynamic world of Chinese food is an essential part of experiencing the country's rich cultural heritage. Here's a more extensive exploration of Chinese cuisine for visitors:

Regional Diversity:
Sichuan Cuisine: Hailing from the southwestern province of Sichuan, this cuisine is famed for its bold, spicy, and numbing flavors. Sichuan peppercorns, chili peppers, and aromatic spices are used liberally in dishes like Mapo Tofu, Dan Dan Noodles, and Sichuan Hot Pot, creating a symphony of flavors that tingles the taste buds.

Cantonese Cuisine: With its emphasis on fresh ingredients and delicate flavors, Cantonese cuisine is highly regarded for its seafood dishes, roasted meats, and dim sum. Steamed fish, Char Siu (barbecue pork), and Har Gow (shrimp dumplings) are just a few examples of the exquisite dishes that showcase Cantonese culinary mastery.

Shanghai Cuisine: Reflecting its coastal location and cosmopolitan history, Shanghai cuisine combines influences from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and Anhui provinces. Sweet and Sour Mandarin Fish, Shanghai Soup Dumplings (Xiaolongbao), and Drunken Chicken are some of the signature dishes that highlight the diverse flavors and textures of this culinary tradition.

Beijing Cuisine: As the capital of China, Beijing boasts a rich culinary heritage deeply rooted in imperial traditions. Peking Duck, a dish with crispy skin and succulent meat served with pancakes and hoisin sauce, is a quintessential Beijing delicacy. Other notable dishes include Zhajiangmian (Beijing Noodles), Mongolian Hot Pot, and Beijing-style meat pies.

Hunan Cuisine: Known for its bold and aromatic flavors, Hunan cuisine features dishes that are spicy, sour, and intensely flavorful. Chairman Mao's Red-Braised Pork, Dong'an Chicken, and Steamed Fish Head with Chopped Chili exemplify the fiery and robust nature of Hunanese cooking, which makes ample use of chili peppers, garlic, and fermented ingredients.

Street Food and Snacks:
Jianbing: This savory Chinese crepe is a popular breakfast option, consisting of a thin pancake filled with eggs, scallions, cilantro, and various fillings such as crispy fried dough, pickled vegetables, or chili sauce.

Baozi: These steamed buns are filled with a variety of savory or sweet fillings, including pork, vegetables, or red bean paste. Baozi are a popular street food snack and can be found in teahouses, markets, and street stalls across China.

Roujiamo: Often referred to as Chinese Hamburgers, roujiamo features savory braised meat stuffed inside a flatbread, offering a hearty and flavorful snack that's perfect for on-the-go eating.

Dining Etiquette and Customs:
Family-Style Dining: Chinese meals are typically served family-style, with multiple dishes shared among diners seated around a table. It's customary to use chopsticks to pick up food from communal dishes and to serve elders before oneself.

Toasting and Ganbei: When dining with Chinese hosts, expect toasts (ganbei) with alcohol, usually baijiu (Chinese liquor). It's polite to reciprocate the toast and drink in moderation, but declining politely is acceptable if you don't drink alcohol.

Tea Culture: Tea is an integral part of Chinese dining culture, with a wide variety of teas available to complement different dishes. Green tea, oolong tea, and pu'er tea are among the most popular choices, and serving tea to guests is a sign of hospitality and respect.

Street Markets and Night Markets:
Wangfujing Snack Street, Beijing: Located near the Forbidden City, this bustling street market offers a wide variety of traditional snacks, street food, and local delicacies. Visitors can sample everything from scorpions on a stick to traditional Beijing snacks like Jianbing and Tanghulu (candied fruit skewers).

Shanghai Old Street, Shanghai: Nestled in the heart of the city's historic district, Shanghai Old Street is a bustling marketplace where visitors can explore narrow alleyways lined with traditional shops, street vendors, and food stalls. From steamed dumplings and stinky tofu to hand-pulled noodles and sugar-coated haws, there's something to satisfy every craving.

Dietary Considerations:
Vegetarian and Vegan Options: While Chinese cuisine traditionally features a wide range of meats and animal products, vegetarian and vegan options are becoming increasingly available, especially in larger cities and tourist destinations. Buddhist restaurants (????, ssh c?nt?ng) often offer meat-free versions of classic dishes, and plant-based ingredients like tofu, mushrooms, and seasonal vegetables are widely used in Chinese cooking.

Exploring the diverse and delicious world of Chinese cuisine is an essential part of any visit to China. From regional specialties and street food snacks to dining etiquette and cultural customs, the culinary landscape of China offers a rich tapestry of flavors, traditions, and experiences that are sure to delight and inspire visitors from around the world. Bon apptit!.

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XianYang city, ShaanXi province
With Valeriy Blank ... Visitor Guide to XianYang Introduction to XianYang XianYang (咸阳), located in ShaanXi Province, is one of China's most historically significant cities. As the ancient capital of the Qin Dynasty (221–206 BCE), XianYang played a pivotal role in Chinese history and culture. Today, it is a vibrant city that blends its rich past with modern development, offering visitors a unique mix of historical sites, cultural experiences, and natural beauty. Top Attractions in XianYang Maoling Mausoleum (茂陵) - The tomb of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, surrounded by smaller tombs of his concubines and generals. The site features impressive stone carvings and statues. Qianling Mausoleum (乾陵) - The joint burial site of Emperor Gaozong and Empress Wu Zetian, the only female emperor in Chinese history. The site is known for its grand scale and the famous "Silent Statues" lining the Sacred Way. XianYang Museum (咸阳博物馆) - A treasure trove of artifacts from the Qin and Han Dynasties, including pottery, jade, and bronze ware. The museum provides a deep dive into the region's history. ZhangLiang Temple (张良庙) - A temple dedicated to ZhangLiang, a famous strategist and statesman of the early Han Dynasty. The temple is set in a serene environment with beautiful architecture. FengHe River Scenic Area (沣河风景区) - A picturesque area along the FengHe River, perfect for leisurely walks, boating, and enjoying the natural scenery. Local Cuisine XianYang is known for its delicious ShaanXi cuisine, which features bold flavors and hearty dishes. Some must-try foods include: BiangBiang Noodles (BiangBiang Mian) - Thick, hand-pulled noodles served with a savory sauce, often topped with vegetables and meat. RouJiaMo (肉夹馍) - Often referred to as the "Chinese hamburger," this dish consists of braised pork stuffed inside a flatbread. YangRou PaoMo (羊肉泡馍) - A hearty lamb soup with crumbled flatbread, a specialty of ShaanXi Province. LiangPi (凉皮) - Cold, chewy noodles made from wheat or rice flour, served with a spicy and tangy sauce. Getting Around XianYang XianYang is well-connected by public transportation, making it easy to explore the city and its surroundings. Options include: Buses: The city has an extensive bus network that connects major attractions and neighborhoods. Taxis: Taxis are readily available and affordable for getting around the city. Bicycles: Renting a bicycle is a great way to explore XianYang at your own pace, especially along the FengHe River. High-Speed Rail: XianYang is just a short ride from Xi'An via high-speed rail, making it easy to combine visits to both cities. Best Time to Visit The best time to visit XianYang is during the spring (March–May) and autumn (September–November) when the weather is mild and pleasant. These seasons are ideal for exploring outdoor attractions like the FengHe River Scenic Area and the ancient mausoleums. Tips for Visitors Language: Mandarin is the primary language spoken in XianYang. Learning a few basic phrases can be helpful, especially in more rural areas. Currency: The local currency is the Chinese Yuan (CNY). Credit cards are accepted in most hotels and restaurants, but it's a good idea to carry cash for smaller establishments. Etiquette: When visiting historical sites, dress modestly and be respectful of local customs and traditions. Health and Safety: XianYang is generally a safe city, but it's always a good idea to take standard precautions, such as keeping an eye on your belongings and staying aware of your surroundings. Conclusion XianYang is a city steeped in history and culture, offering visitors a chance to step back in time and explore the legacy of ancient China. From its majestic mausoleums to its vibrant local cuisine, XianYang is a destination that promises a rich and rewarding experience. Whether you're a history enthusiast, a food lover, or simply looking to explore a lesser-known gem in ShaanXi Province, XianYang is sure to leave a lasting impression.
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