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Rita Loves Travel – in China …
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The exquisitely beautiful YuanYang rice terraces, YunNan province
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Geopolitics update, August 2024 (4)
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Why is Western media so biased against China ?
With Cyrus Janssen ... Comment by Gustavo Andrés ... There is an overwhelming assumption in the West that China’s Achilles heel is the state: that it lacks legitimacy. This is the underlying reason why Westerners believe that China’s transformation is unsustainable: that the political system cannot survive. It would be wrong to suggest that attitudes have not shifted: the endurance of the reform period, now over 35 years old, and the scale of its achievement have bred a growing if still grudging respect, and a less apocalyptic view of Chinese political change. Few now regard it to be imminent and many have extended their time horizons somewhat into the future. Nevertheless, most Westerners still regard China’s present political order as lacking legitimacy and as ultimately unsustainable. In the post 1945 period, Westerners have come to believe that Western-style democracy – essentially universal suffrage and a multi-party system – is more or less the sole source of a government’s legitimacy. This is a superficial and ahistorical position. Western-style democracy does not ensure the legitimacy of a regime in the eyes of its people: Italy is perhaps the classic example, with successive governments over a long historical period experiencing a chronic lack of legitimacy. And what of China? Although it does not have Western-style democracy, there is plenty of evidence – for example the Pew Global Attitude surveys and the work of Tony Saich at the Harvard Kennedy School – that the Chinese government enjoys high levels of support and legitimacy, much higher indeed than those of Western governments. How do we explain this? Clearly the reason is not Western-style democracy because China has not chosen this path. The late Lucian W. Pye, in his book ‘Asian Power and Politics’, argues that Western scholars have, in their understanding of politics, prioritised political systems over political cultures: Pye argues, correctly in my view, that the opposite is the case. His insight is highly relevant to the Chinese case. The relationship between the state and society in China is very different from that which characterises Western societies. There are three key elements. First, China is primarily a civilization-state rather than a nation-state, with the overriding and extremely difficult age-old task of government being to maintain the unity of China and its civilization. This has lent the state an enduring authority, importance and centrality in China that is very different from the Western nation-state tradition. The state is intrinsic to China in a way that this is not true in Western societies: they are, in effect, in large degree synonymous. Furthermore the Chinese regard the state in some degree as an expression and extension of themselves. Second, whereas in Western societies the state is seen in an instrumentalist and utilitarian way – in other words, what will it do for me? – in China, following from the Confucian tradition and the idea that the Emperor should model himself on the father’s role as the head of the family, the state is perceived in a familial way, whence the expression ‘nation-family’, or the idea of China as an extended family. Or, to put it another way, in Western societies the state is viewed as an external and somewhat artificial construct, for the Chinese it is an intimate. Third, a much higher premium is placed on the efficiency and efficacy of the state than in the West, whence the importance of meritocracy in the recruitment of public servants. In the West, discussion about the state largely revolves around the manner by which the government is selected, in China, by way of contrast, the competence of the state assumes priority. Fourthly, following from the previous point, the state is expected and required to deliver in China. Over the last few decades, of course, it has presided over and masterminded a huge transformation, the most remarkable in modern economic history. The contrast between the performance of the Chinese and Western economies is manifest. In summary, the relationship between the state and society in China and the West is profoundly different and the reasons lie in the historical and cultural differences between them. They can and should learn from each other but they will remain distinct. So what of the future? As I mentioned at the outset, it is axiomatic in the West that sooner or later China will face a crisis of governance that will result in profound reform along Western lines. In reality, it seems far more likely that the crisis of governance will occur in the West than China. The United States and Europe are in decline and, as a consequence, their ruling elites and political systems are already suffering from declining legitimacy and authority, a process that is likely to continue. China, in contrast, is a rising power whose ruling elite is likely to enjoy growing status and prestige as a consequence. China, though, faces its own kind of governance challenge. The country is changing at extraordinary speed. If one thinks of how the life of an ordinary person has changed over the course of the last three decades, then this is a measure of how everything else, including political rule, must also change in order to survive. Of course, transparency, representivity and accountability have been transformed since Mao’s death, but this is a dynamic process and arguably the greatest changes still lie in the future. It is not that China needs to or should change its system – it has stood the test of time and managed to stay abreast of and lead the wider transformations – but, this notwithstanding, more profound ways must be found to modernise the political system and its institutions if they are to meet the demands and expectations of a very different society.
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ShiJiaZhuang, provincial capital of HeBei
With Seiu Travel ... ShiJiaZhuang visitor guide Overview ShiJiaZhuang, the capital of HeBei province, is a vibrant city known for its rich cultural heritage, modern developments, and scenic surroundings. As a major transportation hub, ShiJiaZhuang is easily accessible and offers a variety of attractions, from historical sites to beautiful parks, making it a great destination for both history enthusiasts and nature lovers. History ShiJiaZhuang's history dates back over a thousand years, with its origins in the Han Dynasty (206 BC–220 AD). The city has grown significantly from a small village into a bustling metropolis. Its historical evolution is reflected in its diverse architecture and cultural sites, which showcase the city's rich past and dynamic present. Main Attractions Hebei Provincial Museum The Hebei Provincial Museum is a must-visit for those interested in the history and culture of the region. The museum houses an extensive collection of artifacts, including ancient pottery, calligraphy, and historical relics that provide insights into the province's past. Zhaozhou Bridge The Zhaozhou Bridge, also known as Anji Bridge, is an ancient stone bridge located in the Zhao County of ShiJiaZhuang. Built during the Sui Dynasty (581–618 AD), it is one of the oldest and best-preserved stone arch bridges in the world. The bridge is an engineering marvel and a testament to ancient Chinese architectural ingenuity. Mount Cangyan Scenic Area The Mount Cangyan Scenic Area is a stunning natural attraction located to the southwest of ShiJiaZhuang. Known for its breathtaking landscapes and historical temples, the area offers hiking trails, beautiful views, and a serene environment. The most famous site here is the suspended temple, Xumi Fushou Temple, built on a cliff. Pilu Temple Pilu Temple, located in the city center, is a significant cultural and religious site. The temple features beautiful architecture, intricate carvings, and tranquil gardens. It is a great place to learn about local religious practices and enjoy a peaceful retreat from the bustling city. Culture and Traditions ShiJiaZhuang is a city with a rich cultural heritage, blending traditional customs with modern influences. The city's cultural scene includes traditional Chinese opera, folk music, and various festivals that celebrate local customs and traditions. Visitors can experience the vibrant culture through performances, exhibitions, and local markets. Activities and Experiences Walking Tours Explore ShiJiaZhuang on foot with guided walking tours that offer insights into the city's history, architecture, and culture. Walking through the city's streets and alleys provides a unique perspective and allows visitors to discover hidden gems and local stories. Shopping for Local Crafts The markets and shops in ShiJiaZhuang offer a variety of traditional crafts and handmade products. Visitors can shop for souvenirs, including pottery, embroidery, and traditional clothing, all crafted by local artisans. These items make for unique and meaningful mementos of your visit. Sampling Local Cuisine ShiJiaZhuang is known for its delicious local cuisine, which reflects the flavors and traditions of HeBei province. Visitors can sample a range of traditional dishes at the city's restaurants and food stalls. Don't miss trying the local specialties, such as donkey burger (驴肉火烧), roasted mutton, and various noodle dishes. Visiting Local Festivals Throughout the year, ShiJiaZhuang hosts various traditional festivals that celebrate local culture and heritage. These festivals feature music, dance, and traditional performances, offering visitors a unique and immersive cultural experience. Check the local event calendar to see if any festivals coincide with your visit. Accommodation ShiJiaZhuang offers a range of accommodation options, including luxury hotels, budget hotels, and guesthouses. Staying in the city center provides convenient access to major attractions and amenities. Whether you're looking for a comfortable hotel or a traditional guesthouse, you'll find a variety of options to suit your needs. Travel Tips Best Time to Visit: The best time to visit ShiJiaZhuang is during spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) when the weather is pleasant, and the city is less crowded. Getting There: ShiJiaZhuang is a major transportation hub with a well-connected railway network. The city is accessible by train, bus, and car. The nearest airport is ShiJiaZhuang Zhengding International Airport, which offers connections to various domestic and international destinations. Opening Hours: Most attractions in ShiJiaZhuang are open year-round. Specific sites and museums may have their own operating hours. Entrance Fees: There may be entrance fees for certain attractions within the city. It is advisable to check the latest fees before planning your visit. Dress Comfortably: Wear comfortable clothing and sturdy walking shoes, especially if you plan on exploring the city's historical sites and natural attractions. Respect Local Customs: Be respectful of local customs and traditions, especially when visiting temples and cultural sites. Always ask for permission before taking photos of people. Stay Hydrated: Carry water, especially if you plan on exploring the city extensively. It's also a good idea to bring snacks or purchase food from local vendors.
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