Chinese ArchitectureChinese architecture has had a major influence on the architectural styles of Japan, Korea and Vietnam. Traditional Chinese architecture stressed the visual impact of buildings, and emphasised width rather than height, and symmetry. Grandeur could be signified by the number of tiers - in terms of floors or roofs. Buildings would normally be based on a substantial platform, side walls and a curved overhanging roof. Palaces, temples and even hutongs (alleys of simple commoners dwellings) were usually surrounded by a gated wall. Imperial Architecture While the dwellings of ordinary people, such as hutongs, were generally grey in color, both walls and roof, imperial buildings employed color. Imperial buildings had golden yellow roof tiles, red columns and doors, and walls that are shades of red - pink, purple or terracotta. Religious Architecture Buddhist architecture in much of China follows the imperial style, but with green roof tiles. A Buddhist temple normally has a front hall that houses a statue of a Bodhisattva, followed by a great hall that houses statues of the Buddhas, with accommodation for the monks and nuns at either side. Taoist architecture is a little less grand. The main deity is usually represented in the main hall which is at the front, in contrast to Buddhist layout where the main hall will be to the rear. Also, the entrance is usually at or to the side which is believed to confuse entry by demons (a Feng Shui guideline). Taoist roofs are generally blue. Commoners Architecture A SiHeYuan, or courtyard, was the traditional unit and could range from small and basic to elaborate. The courtyard itself, even if very small, could contain potted plants and serve as a small garden as well as workspace. A SiHeYuan would face south with the entrance at the front but on the east side. The main building would be at the back facing the courtyard (that is, facing south). Children would live in the side rooms. The room beside the entrance was used for sundry purposes. The main building faces south to avoid northerly winds and gain the most possible sunshine during winter. Overhanging eaves keep the building cool when the summer sun is high in the sky, and also keep off rain. The main building is divided into three, or sometimes five, rooms, with the main living area in the center. There is often a screen just inside the entrance so that passers by cannot see directly into the courtyard - and to protect from evil spirits (who are said to travel in straight lines and deterred by curved paths and screens). Wealthy people would have a larger SiHeYuan, possibly with two or even more courtyards, one behind the other. A pair of stone lions would be placed outside the main gate, which would be painted red with a large copper or brass ring handle. SiHeYuans were constructed next to each other in rows to form a hutong - an alley less than 9m wide (the narrowest are less than 1m wide). These lively communities are disappearing fast in Beijing, and elsewhere, although some such areas are now protected from redevelopment.
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"ShuHe Ancient Town, known as "ShaoWu" in NaXi language, was formed by the JuBao Mountain behind the village, which is shaped like a pile of peaks. It is also an important well-preserved market town on the Ancient Tea-Horse Road, a living specimen of the NaXi ancestors’ transition from farming civilization to commercial civilization, and a model of market town construction formed by opening up to the outside world and caravan activities. ShuHe Ancient Town, BaiSha Ancient Town and DaYan Ancient Town together form the World Heritage Site of LiJiang Ancient Town.
Xu XiaKe once passed by ShuHe River when he visited JieTuo Forest in ZhiShan. "Ten Harmonies" is the ancient name of today's ShuHe."
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XiaSi Ancient Town - Dong Village Travel Guide
History
Attractions
Activities
Food
Transportation
Tips
History of XiaSi Ancient Town
XiaSi Ancient Town, located in the Dong Village of GuiZhou Province, is a historic town that reflects the rich cultural heritage of the Dong ethnic group. With a history dating back over 800 years, XiaSi is renowned for its traditional Dong architecture, unique drum towers, and wind and rain bridges. The town's preservation of ancient customs and traditions provides a living snapshot of Dong culture that has been passed down through generations.
Top Attractions in XiaSi Ancient Town
1. Drum Tower
The Drum Tower is the symbol of the Dong people and serves as the heart of the village. It is a traditional wooden structure used for gatherings and ceremonies. The intricate carvings and unique architecture make it a must-see.
2. Wind and Rain Bridge
The Wind and Rain Bridge, also known as the Flower Bridge, is an iconic piece of Dong architecture. It serves not only as a bridge but also as a place for villagers to rest and socialize, sheltered from the elements.
3. Dong Opera Stage
The open-air Dong Opera Stage is a cultural gem where traditional Dong performances are held. Visitors can experience the rich storytelling and music that characterize Dong opera.
4. Dong Residential Houses
Stroll through the village to see the traditional stilted wooden houses of the Dong people. These homes are built using ancient techniques and showcase the unique architectural style of the Dong community.
Activities to Enjoy
1. Participate in a Dong Dance
Join the locals in a traditional Dong dance. The Dong people are known for their vibrant dance and music, often performed in the village square or around the Drum Tower.
2. Explore Local Handicrafts
Visit local workshops to see artisans creating traditional Dong handicrafts, including embroidery, silver jewelry, and wooden carvings. You can also purchase these items as souvenirs.
3. Attend a Dong Wedding Ceremony
If you're lucky, you might witness a traditional Dong wedding ceremony. These ceremonies are colorful and vibrant, featuring music, dance, and traditional rituals.
Local Food & Delicacies
1. Dong Rice Wine
Dong rice wine is a traditional beverage made from glutinous rice. It has a sweet flavor and is often enjoyed during festivals and celebrations.
2. Sour Fish Soup
This is a popular dish among the Dong people, made with fresh fish, pickled vegetables, and spices. The soup has a distinctive sour and spicy flavor.
3. Glutinous Rice Cakes
Glutinous rice cakes are a traditional snack in Dong cuisine. They are often filled with sweet or savory ingredients and steamed to perfection.
How to Get There
By Bus
From Guiyang, the capital of GuiZhou, you can take a long-distance bus to Liping County, followed by a local bus to XiaSi. The journey takes approximately 5-6 hours.
By Train
Take a train to Kaili, a nearby city in GuiZhou. From Kaili, buses are available to Liping County and then to XiaSi Ancient Town.
By Car
If you prefer driving, renting a car from Guiyang or Kaili is an option. The roads to XiaSi are scenic but can be narrow and winding, so drive with caution.
Travel Tips for XiaSi Ancient Town
Learn a few basic phrases in the Dong language to connect better with locals. They appreciate the effort!
Respect local customs and traditions, especially during ceremonies and cultural events.
Bring comfortable walking shoes as you will be exploring on foot, often on uneven paths.
Plan your visit during one of the Dong festivals, such as the Dong New Year, to experience the vibrant local culture.
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