A guide to HangZhou 杭州, ZheJiang province (2)

YuanMingYuan, also known as the 'Old Summer Palace', was constructed during the 18th and early 19th century and was a wonderland of lakes and waterways, bridges, hills and pavilions. One third of the ground of YuanMingYuan was taken up by over 200 small hills with steep sides, secluded valleys, rock walls and stone caves. Half of the garderns are covered by the waters of lakes, winding streams and ponds. It was at YuanMingYuan that the emperors of the Qing Dynasty resided and handled government affairs - until it was destroyed; the Forbidden City was mostly used only for formal ceremonies at this time. The southern part of YuanMingYuan was where emperors handled state affairs, while the other parts were primarily for personal use and comprised of more than 150 scenic spots, involving rare exotic flowers and trees from different parts of the country. There were originally towers, terraces, pavilions, halls, corridors, pagodas and bridges with a total construction area of 150,000 square meters - corresponding in scale to that of the Imperial Palace. Artisans were recruited from all over China to enact the exquisite settings. The various styles of architecture, standing encircled by hills and rivulets, presented a most picturesque view. Many were reproductions of scenic mountains, rivers and famous gardens in China (mostly southern China). During his many tours of the country, emperor QianLong made it a point to have pictures of famous gardens and scenes drawn so that he could have replicas built in Beijing. Most famous of these were the ten scenic spots of the West Lake in HangZhou. The Old Summer Palace is often associated with the European-style palaces (Xi Yang Lou) that were built of stone. The designers of those structures, the Jesuits Giuseppe Castiglione and Michel Benoist, were employed by emperor QianLong to satisfy his taste for exotic buildings and objects. However, more than 95% of the Imperial Gardens consisted of essentially Chinese-style buildings. There were also a few buildings in Tibetan and Mongolian styles, reflecting the diversity of the Qing empire. In addition, hundreds of invaluable Chinese art masterpieces and antiquities were stored in the halls, including some unique copies of literary works and collections. In 1860, during the 'Second Opium War', the British and French expeditionary forces looted the Old Summer Palace. Later, on October 18 1860, a British general - despite protestations from the French (who in fact had began the looting) - gave the order to set fire to the huge complex, which burned to the ground. In 1900, those buildings that had partly survived or been restored were burnt for good by the Western expeditionary forces sent to quell the 'Boxer Rebellion'. Many priceless artifacts were plundered and made their way to museums and private collections in Europe. The ruins were further plundered by the warlords of the early republican period and further destruction of the ruins took place during the 'Cutural Revolution'. After all this destruction, what was left was truely just an empty shell. Empress dowager CiXi later directed the forming of YiHeYuan (Garden of Nurtured Harmony), into a new Summer Palace; this was near to the Old Summer Palace, but on a (somewhat) smaller scale. Nearest subway station : YuanMingYuan on line 4.

ChengDu: 20 Kid-Friendly Places to Visit Panda Base (成都大熊猫繁育研究基地 Chéngdū Dàxióngmāo Fányù Yánjiū Jīdì): Giant panda breeding and research center with exhibits and educational programs. Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding (成都大熊猫繁育研究基地 Chéngdū Dàxióngmāo Fányù Yánjiū Jīdì): Panda reserve with habitats, breeding facilities, and conservation efforts. Chengdu Happy Valley (成都欢乐谷 Chéngdū Huānlègǔ): Amusement park with rides, attractions, and entertainment for all ages. Chengdu Zoo (成都动物园 Chéngdū Dòngwùyuán): Zoo with diverse animal exhibits, shows, and educational programs. Sichuan Science and Technology Museum (四川科技馆 Sìchuān Kējìguǎn): Interactive science museum with exhibits, experiments, and demonstrations. Chengdu Eastern Suburb Memory (成都东郊记忆 Chéngdū Dōngjiāo Jìyì): Cultural theme park with traditional architecture, performances, and activities. Chengdu Culture Park (成都文化公园 Chéngdū Wénhuà Gōngyuán): Park with historic sites, gardens, and cultural exhibitions. Chengdu Haichang Polar Ocean World (成都海昌极地海洋世界 Chéngdū Hǎichāng Jídì Hǎiyáng Shìjiè): Polar ocean park with marine life exhibits, shows, and activities. Happy Valley Water Park (欢乐谷水上乐园 Huānlègǔ Shuǐshàng Lèyuán): Water park with slides, pools, and water attractions for families. Chengdu Botanical Garden (成都植物园 Chéngdū Zhíwùyuán): Botanical garden with plant collections, greenhouses, and scenic landscapes. Chengdu Teddy Bear Museum (成都泰迪熊博物馆 Chéngdū Tàidíxióng Bówùguǎn): Museum with teddy bear exhibits, collections, and interactive displays. Chengdu Anren Ancient Town (成都安仁古镇 Chéngdū Ānrén Gǔzhèn): Historic town with preserved architecture, museums, and cultural heritage. Chengdu Shunxing Old Teahouse (成都顺兴老茶馆 Chéngdū Shùnxìng Lǎo Cháguǎn): Traditional teahouse with Sichuan opera performances, tea ceremonies, and snacks. Chengdu Anren Ancient Town (成都安仁古镇 Chéngdū Ānrén Gǔzhèn): Historic town with preserved architecture, museums, and cultural heritage. Chengdu Happy Valley (成都欢乐谷 Chéngdū Huānlègǔ): Amusement park with rides, attractions, and entertainment for all ages. Chengdu Zoo (成都动物园 Chéngdū Dòngwùyuán): Zoo with diverse animal exhibits, shows, and educational programs. Chengdu Culture Park (成都文化公园 Chéngdū Wénhuà Gōngyuán): Park with historic sites, gardens, and cultural exhibitions. Chengdu Eastern Suburb Memory (成都东郊记忆 Chéngdū Dōngjiāo Jìyì): Cultural theme park with traditional architecture, performances, and activities. Chengdu Happy Valley (成都欢乐谷 Chéngdū Huānlègǔ): Amusement park with rides, attractions, and entertainment for all ages. Chengdu Teddy Bear Museum (成都泰迪熊博物馆 Chéngdū Tàidíxióng Bówùguǎn): Museum with teddy bear exhibits, collections, and interactive displays. ChengDu: 30 More Places to Visit Chengdu Wuhou Shrine (成都武侯祠 Chéngdū Wǔhóu Cí): Temple and museum dedicated to Zhuge Liang, a famous military strategist. Wenshu Monastery (成都文殊院 Chéngdū Wénshū Yuàn): Buddhist monastery with historic buildings, gardens, and tea houses. Chengdu Jinsha Site Museum (成都金沙遗址博物馆 Chéngdū Jīnshā Yízhǐ Bówùguǎn): Museum with exhibits on the Jinsha archaeological site and ancient artifacts. Chengdu Wide and Narrow Alley (宽窄巷子 Kuānzhǎi Xiàngzi): Historic area with traditional architecture, shops, and street food. Chengdu Du Fu Thatched Cottage (成都杜甫草堂 Chéngdū Dù Fǔ Cǎotáng): Museum and park dedicated to the Tang dynasty poet Du Fu. Chengdu Tianfu Square (成都天府广场 Chéngdū Tiānfǔ Guǎngchǎng): Central square with landmarks, sculptures, and cultural events. Chengdu Sichuan Opera Museum (成都川剧博物馆 Chéngdū Chuānjù Bówùguǎn): Museum with exhibits on Sichuan opera costumes, masks, and performances. Chengdu Huanhuaxi Park (成都浣花溪公园 Chéngdū Huànhuāxī Gōngyuán): Park with rivers, bridges, and scenic landscapes for leisure and relaxation. Chengdu Jinli Ancient Street (成都锦里古街 Chéngdū Jǐnlǐ Gǔjiē): Historic street with traditional architecture, shops, and street vendors. Chengdu Happy Valley (成都欢乐谷 Chéngdū Huānlègǔ): Amusement park with rides, attractions, and entertainment for all ages. Chengdu Zoo (成都动物园 Chéngdū Dòngwùyuán): Zoo with diverse animal exhibits, shows, and educational programs. Chengdu Culture Park (成都文化公园 Chéngdū Wénhuà Gōngyuán): Park with historic sites, gardens, and cultural exhibitions. Chengdu Eastern Suburb Memory (成都东郊记忆 Chéngdū Dōngjiāo Jìyì): Cultural theme park with traditional architecture, performances, and activities. Chengdu Happy Valley (成都欢乐谷 Chéngdū Huānlègǔ): Amusement park with rides, attractions, and entertainment for all ages. Chengdu Teddy Bear Museum (成都泰迪熊博物馆 Chéngdū Tàidíxióng Bówùguǎn): Museum with teddy bear exhibits, collections, and interactive displays. Chengdu Anren Ancient Town (成都安仁古镇 Chéngdū Ānrén Gǔzhèn): Historic town with preserved architecture, museums, and cultural heritage. Chengdu Shunxing Old Teahouse (成都顺兴老茶馆 Chéngdū Shùnxìng Lǎo Cháguǎn): Traditional teahouse with Sichuan opera performances, tea ceremonies, and snacks. Chengdu Anren Ancient Town (成都安仁古镇 Chéngdū Ānrén Gǔzhèn): Historic town with preserved architecture, museums, and cultural heritage. Chengdu Happy Valley (成都欢乐谷 Chéngdū Huānlègǔ): Amusement park with rides, attractions, and entertainment for all ages. Chengdu Teddy Bear Museum (成都泰迪熊博物馆 Chéngdū Tàidíxióng Bówùguǎn): Museum with teddy bear exhibits, collections, and interactive displays.

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Welcome to Beijing! Discover the vibrant capital city of China, where ancient history meets modernity. Beijing, with its rich heritage, iconic landmarks, delicious cuisine, and bustling streets, promises an unforgettable journey. About Beijing Beijing, also known as Peking, is the political, cultural, and educational center of China. As one of the world's oldest continuous civilizations, Beijing has been the heart of Chinese history for centuries. Key features of Beijing include its historic hutongs (narrow alleys), ancient palaces, and temples alongside modern skyscrapers and shopping malls. The city is renowned for its role in Chinese history, serving as the capital of several dynasties. Top Attractions Forbidden City (Palace Museum): Explore the largest imperial palace complex in the world, with over 9,000 rooms filled with treasures and historical artifacts. Great Wall of China: Visit iconic sections like Badaling, Mutianyu, or Jinshanling for stunning views of this UNESCO World Heritage site. Tiananmen Square: Discover the heart of Beijing and witness the monumental Tiananmen Gate, Chairman Mao's Mausoleum, and the National Museum of China. Temple of Heaven: Experience the spiritual ambiance of this ancient temple complex where emperors once prayed for good harvests. Summer Palace: Wander through lush gardens, pavilions, and Kunming Lake at this UNESCO-listed royal retreat. Hutong Tour: Take a rickshaw ride through traditional hutongs to see local life and visit courtyard homes. 798 Art District: Explore Beijing's contemporary art scene in a former factory complex filled with galleries, studios, and cafes. Lama Temple (Yonghe Temple): Admire the impressive Tibetan-style architecture and giant Buddha statue at this active Buddhist temple. National Museum of China: Learn about Chinese history, art, and culture through extensive exhibitions. Culture and History Beijing is steeped in cultural heritage, offering a glimpse into China's ancient traditions and customs. Peking Opera: Attend a live performance of this traditional art form known for its colorful costumes, music, and storytelling. Chinese Tea Culture: Visit tea houses to sample different teas and participate in tea ceremonies. Imperial Architecture: Marvel at the architectural marvels of the Forbidden City, Summer Palace, and Temple of Heaven. Traditional Festivals: Experience festive celebrations during Chinese New Year, Mid-Autumn Festival, and Dragon Boat Festival. Beijing Cuisine: Indulge in local specialties such as Peking duck, hotpot, dumplings, and street food delicacies. Dining in Beijing Beijing offers a diverse culinary landscape, from gourmet dining to street-side snacks. Peking Duck: Savor the crispy-skinned duck at renowned restaurants like Quanjude or Da Dong. Street Food: Explore Wangfujing Snack Street for a variety of local snacks, skewers, and sweets. Hutong Restaurants: Dine in historic courtyard homes serving homestyle Beijing cuisine. Hotpot: Enjoy interactive dining with a bubbling pot of broth and fresh ingredients. Dumplings and Noodles: Try handmade jiaozi (dumplings) and la mian (hand-pulled noodles) in bustling noodle shops. Teahouses: Relax in traditional teahouses and sample regional teas paired with snacks. Shopping in Beijing Discover unique souvenirs, antiques, and modern goods in Beijing's vibrant shopping districts. Silk Market: Bargain for silk products, clothing, and accessories at this bustling market. Wangfujing Street: Shop for international brands, local goods, and Beijing-style snacks. Panjiayuan Antique Market: Browse through a vast array of antiques, ceramics, and curios. Hongqiao Pearl Market: Find pearls, jewelry, and electronics at competitive prices. Dashilar Street: Explore historic Dashilar alley for traditional handicrafts and nostalgic items. Practical Tips for Visitors Best Time to Visit: Spring (April to May) and autumn (September to October) offer mild weather and fewer crowds. Language: Learn basic Mandarin phrases; use translation apps for communication. Currency: Use Chinese Yuan (CNY); major credit cards accepted in tourist areas. Transportation: Navigate the city with the extensive subway system, buses, taxis, and ridesharing apps. Accommodation: Choose from luxury hotels, boutique guesthouses, or budget-friendly hostels. Etiquette: Respect local customs, such as using both hands to receive items and addressing people with courtesy. Safety: Be cautious of pickpockets in crowded areas; keep valuables secure. Internet Access: Purchase a local SIM card for mobile data; free Wi-Fi available in many public places. Health and Hygiene: Carry bottled water and practice good hygiene; be aware of air quality during winter. Enjoy Your Journey in Beijing! Immerse yourself in the vibrant culture, rich history, and captivating experiences that Beijing has to offer. Whether you're exploring ancient landmarks or indulging in local cuisine, Beijing promises an unforgettable journey that will leave lasting memories.

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